Solution strategy for non-linear finite element analyses of large reinforced concrete structures

When performing non-linear finite element analyses during the design of large reinforced concrete structures, there is a need for a general, robust and stable solution strategy with a low modelling uncertainty which comprises choices regarding force equilibrium, kinematic compatibility and constitutive relations. In this paper, analyses of experiments with a range of structural forms, loading conditions, failure modes and concrete strengths show that an engineering solution strategy is able to produce results with good accuracy and low modelling uncertainty. The advice is to shift the attention from a detailed description of the post-cracking behaviour of concrete to a rational description of the pre-cracking compressive behaviour for cases where large elements are used and the ultimate limit capacity is sought.