The Silver Line Phase II in Boston, USA, (Logan Airport to South Station) includes the crossing of the Russia Wharf, a 100 year old, three building complex, each seven stories high. The first use of ground freezing and NATM in the US enabled these office buildings to stay fully operational and minimized the impacts on the tenants and these old structures while tunnelling underneath. Mitigation of settlements included temporary and permanent underpinning, raising and lowering of building columns and facades and the use of ground freezing which also created stable face conditions for the NATM mining operation only a few feet below surface.
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